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Keira

Bulldog

“puppy”

This dog has been viewed and been given 0 wags

Registration

American Kennel Club (AKC): pending

Genetic Breed Result

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Bulldog

Originally a bull-baiting dog, bulldogs today are gentle and loving while still carrying the stocky frame of their forbearers.

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Start a conversation! Message this dog’s owner.

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Here’s what Keira’s family tree may have looked like.
While there may be other possible configurations of her family’s relationships, this is the most likely family tree to explain Keira’s breed mix.
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Health Summary

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Keira inherited one variant that you should learn more about.

And one variant that you should tell your vet about.

Urate Kidney & Bladder Stones

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Keira inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact Keira’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. Keira is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because she only has one copy of the variant.

Impact on Breeding

Your dog carries this variant and will pass it on to ~50% of her offspring. You can email breeders@embarkvet.com to discuss with a genetic counselor how the genotype results should be applied to a breeding program.

What is Urate Kidney & Bladder Stones?

This condition causes kidney and bladder stones composed of urate. In most dogs, uric acid is converted to allantoin, an inert substance that is then excreted in the urine. Dogs with HUU have defects in the pathway that converts uric acid to allantoin. As such, uric acid builds up, crystallizes and forms urate stones in the kidney and bladder. Uric acid is an intermediate of purine metabolism. While hyperuricemia in other species (including humans) can lead to painful conditions such as gout, dogs do not develop systemic signs of hyperuricemia.

ALT Activity

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Keira inherited one copy of the variant we tested

Why is this important to your vet?

Keira has one copy of a variant associated with reduced ALT activity as measured on veterinary blood chemistry panels. Please inform your veterinarian that Keira has this genotype, as ALT is often used as an indicator of liver health and Keira is likely to have a lower than average resting ALT activity. As such, an increase in Keira’s ALT activity could be evidence of liver damage, even if it is within normal limits by standard ALT reference ranges.

What is ALT Activity?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a clinical tool that can be used by veterinarians to better monitor liver health. This result is not associated with liver disease. ALT is one of several values veterinarians measure on routine blood work to evaluate the liver. It is a naturally occurring enzyme located in liver cells that helps break down protein. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is released into the bloodstream.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Canine Multifocal Retinopathy, cmr1 (BEST1 Exon 2)

Identified in Bulldogs

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Coat Color

Coat Color

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

Performance

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Through Keira’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace her mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that her ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

C2

Haplotype

C3/14

Map

C2

Keira’s Haplogroup

C2 is a very old female lineage found more commonly among English Setters, English Bulldogs, and American Eskimo Dogs. We also see C2 in village dogs in South Asia. Rather than having a few characteristic breeds representing this lineage particularly well, it is present in a few uncommon individuals of many different breeds. Unlike some European breed lineages that have seen skyrocketing popularity along the path to the modern dogs we see today, C2 tends to reflect the deep history of man's best friend.

C3/14

Keira’s Haplotype

Part of the C2 haplogroup, this common haplotype occurs most often in English Setters, Cairn Terriers, Labrador Retrievers, and village dogs in Peru, Fiji, and across Africa.

You can often find his haplogroup in the lovable English Bulldog.

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The Paternal Haplotype reveals a dog’s deep ancestral lineage, stretching back thousands of years to the original domestication of dogs.

Are you looking for information on the breeds that Keira inherited from her mom and dad? Check out her breed breakdown and family tree.

Paternal Haplotype is determined by looking at a dog’s Y-chromosome—but not all dogs have Y-chromosomes!

Why can’t we show Paternal Haplotype results for female dogs?

All dogs have two sex chromosomes. Female dogs have two X-chromosomes (XX) and male dogs have one X-chromosome and one Y-chromosome (XY). When having offspring, female (XX) dogs always pass an X-chromosome to their puppy. Male (XY) dogs can pass either an X or a Y-chromosome—if the puppy receives an X-chromosome from its father then it will be a female (XX) puppy and if it receives a Y-chromosome then it will be a male (XY) puppy. As you can see, Y-chromosomes are passed down from a male dog only to its male offspring.

Since Keira is a female (XX) dog, she has no Y-chromosome for us to analyze and determine a paternal haplotype.

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