Stargardt Disease

What are the signs & symptoms that develop in affected dogs?

Affected dogs may begin to show signs of decreased vision by 1-2 years of age, including reluctance to go down stairs, bumping into door frames or corners, and difficulty fetching toys. But they are more likely to be diagnosed in middle or advancing age when changes within the eye are more apparent.

When do signs and symptoms develop?

Although subtle changes to vision and the retinas may be noted at 1-2 years of age, dogs may not be diagnosed until middle or advanced age when changes are more noticeable.

How do vets diagnose this condition?

Stargardt Disease is diagnosed by examining the fundus, or back of the eye. It may be difficult to observe any obvious changes to the retina. But as the disease progresses, there will be mottling of the tapetum (a layer of tissue immediately behind the retina) and thinning of the retinal blood vessels. Changes to the back of the eye are bilateral and symmetrical, helping to distinguish Stargardt Disease from other retinal diseases. If the retinas cannot be evaluated due to other abnormalities, a veterinary ophthalmologist can perform electroretinography (ERG), the definitive test, which measures the electrical activity and, thus, the function of the retinas.

How is this condition treated?

Currently, there is no widespread treatment for Stargardt Disease; however, gene and stem cell therapies are an evolving field.

What actions should I take if my dog is affected?

• Affected dogs may experience a painful sensitivity to light and may squint in bright light.
• Dog owners can help affected dogs navigate their homes and the outside world by keeping furniture in the same location, ensuring they are on a leash in unfamiliar territory, and training them to understand verbal commands or using scent markers.