Published Research
Embark scientists are making new genetic discoveries that can benefit all dogs. Through community science, we’ve uncovered why dogs have blue eyes, a gene associated with deafness, and more.
Patterns of Inbreeding and Overlap with Recessive Disease Genotypes in Dogs
In 2019, Embark scientists Adam Boyko, PhD and Aaron Sams, PhD published a study in the scientific journal G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics investigating the genetic effects of inbreeding in domestic dogs. They found that runs of homozygosity (especially longer ones) are associated with higher levels of known recessive disease alleles. Genetic hallmarks of inbreeding “Inbreeding is the...
Complex Disease and Phenotype Mapping in Dogs
Dogs aren’t only humankind’s best friend; they’re also a valuable model species for medical genetics research. Led by Adam Boyko, PhD, Chief Science Officer at Embark, a team of researchers from Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, China Agricultural University, and La Sierra University conducted a genetic study of over 4,200 dogs....
Inbreeding Depression and Reduced Fecundity in Golden Retrievers
Known for their sunny coat and disposition, Golden Retrievers are widely recognized as one of the most popular dog breeds in America. Unfortunately, Golden Retrievers are also overrepresented for certain diseases, with more documented mortalities due to cancer than nearly any other breed (Kent et al. 2018; Dobson 2013). The Golden Retriever Lifetime Study by...
Dogs May Have Originated in Central Asia
Though it is well accepted that dogs were the first domesticated animals, the question of where dogs came from is still a heated debate among scientists. Over the past decade, various studies pointed to Europe, the Middle East and Southeast Asia as the likely origin for dogs, depending on what samples the researchers had and...
Embark Discovers Variant Associated with Hearing Loss in Rhodesian Ridgebacks
Hearing loss is one of the most common disabilities in humans and dogs. Just like humans, Rhodesian Ridgeback dogs can experience progressive hearing loss early in life. This condition is known as early-onset adult deafness (EOAD). With this form of deafness, dogs lose their hearing by the time they are 1–2 years old. Some purebred...
Embark’s Roaning Discovery
Your dog is one-of-a-kind. But have you ever wondered what makes them that way? Embark makes it our business to know your dog down to their DNA. Our scientists unlocked a secret to understanding dogs’ roan coat patterns — and they couldn’t have done it without the help of everyday dog owners who wanted to...
Dog Breeding Guided by Small Genetic Panels Can Reduce Genetic Diversity
It is well-established that genetic diversity has been declining in many dog breeds over the past two centuries, as a result of strong selection on a number of specific traits, combined in some cases with reductions in breed population sizes at certain points in history as well as popular sire effects. This is not only...
Embark Discovers Why Dogs Have Blue Eyes
At Embark, we are working to end preventable disease in dogs. In October 2018, we proudly announced the first step along that path to discovery: our first published scientific research! Embark scientists discovered why dogs have blue eyes. The genetics behind blue eyes in dogs In short, we discovered a genetic variant, specifically a duplication...
